Non-Woven Fabric Manufacturing: Details Discussion

What is Non-Woven Fabric?

Non-woven fabric is a web or sheet which is produced by using natural or man-made fibers or filaments or recycled fibers that have not been converted into yarns.  Finally, these are bonding by following different methods to form a non-woven fabric. It may also have other names such as shaped fabrics or yarn free fabrics. In this article, I have presented the total process flow chart of nonwoven fabric manufacturing.

There are so many uses of non-woven fabrics in our daily life such as in clothing, civil engineering, furnishing, manufacturing factories, kitchens, cars, hospitals, etc.

Some special types of non-woven fabrics are agrotech, build tech, medi tech, mobi tech, pack tech, cloth tech, geo-tech, oeko tech, home tech, pro-tech, etc.

Types of Non-Woven Fabric Manufacturing Process

There are mainly four types of the process followed to produce non-woven fabrics. Those are-

1. Spun bond process,
2. Melt blown process,
3. Water jet process,
4. Needle punched process.

Non-Woven Fabric Manufacturing Process Flow Chart:

The below process has to maintain during non-woven fabric manufacturing in the textile industry:

Processing of fiber (Man-made, natural, or recycled)
↓
Dyeing (If necessary)
↓
Opening
↓
Blending
↓
Oiling
↓
Laying (Dry laying, wet laying, spin laying)
↓
Bonding (Mechanical, thermal, chemical, stitch bonding)
↓
Raw non-woven fabric
↓
Finishing
↓
Finished non-woven fabric

Methods of Non-Woven Fabric Finishing Process

There are two types of finishing methods for non-woven fabric. Those are in the below:

1. Dry finishing methods

It includes:

• Shrinkage,
• Glazing,
• Crabbing,
• Calendaring,
• Pressing,
• Perforating.

2. Wet finishing methods

It includes:

• Coloration,
• Printing
• Anti-static finishing,
• Hygiene finishing,
• Dust bonding treatment,
• Absorbent and repellant finishes (Oil, static, water, etc.).

What Types of Fiber Used in Non Woven Fabric Manufacturing?

The following fibers (Natural, man-made, and natural fibers) are widely used in the non-woven fabric manufacturing process.

1. Cotton,
2. Viscose,
3. Lyocell,
4. Polylactide,
5. Polyester,
6. Polypropylene,
7. Bi-component fibers,
8. Recycled fibers.